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Fracture in foot and ankle
What are the fractures in foot and ankle ?
Fractures are majorly seen in the foot or ankle when the person goes through some accidents. Dislocations in the ankle and foot are also caused due to accidents when we see the bones in legs dislocated.Some of the fractures in foot and ankle are heel fracture, metatarsal fracture, Pilon fracture, ankle fracture etc.
What are the symptoms ?
- Severe pain
- Difficulty in walking
- Inflammation at the sight of fracture
- We see changes at the affected sight
What are the causes ?
- Accidents
- When the ankle or foot is twisted
- Putting much stress on foot
- Falling from top
Who is at risk ?
- Athletes are at huge risk of fractures in legs
- Activities like jumping
- Loose ligaments can lead to fractures in legs
- Walking on uneven ground
What is the treatment ?
- A brace or a splint is used to hold the affected region until it gets healed
- Screws are used in some surgical methods to fix the bones
- Suture button implants are also used in some surgical methods to hold the bones together to promote the process of healing
- Ankle surgery
Bursitis
What is bursitis ?
Bursae are small sac-like structures that cushions tendons,bones and muscles near the joint region. When these structures get inflamed then it leads to bursitis.
What are the causes ?
Below mentioned are some of the causes :
- Repetitive motions
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Infections
- Trauma
What are the symptoms ?
The symptoms of bursitis are as follows :
- Inflammation
- Joint pain
- Restricted movement
How is it identified/diagnosed ?
- Physical examination is done by the doctor to identify the symptoms
- MRI
- X-Ray
- CT Scan
- Radiographs
Can this be treated at home itself ?
Yes, it can be treated at home itself using some methods which are as follows :
- Applying heat or cold therapy
- Using crutches
- Giving enough rest to legs
- Walking slowly
How is it treated ?
- Some sort of medications are prescribed by doctor to reduce swelling and pain
- Using needle the fluid in bursa is removed and the fluid is used to check whether it is caused due to infection or not
- Surgeries are done very rare to treat this bursitis
Sprains & Strains
What is the difference between strain and sprain ?
Sprain is tearing of ligaments when they are overstretched and strain is normally an affect tendons or muscles
What are the causes or strain and sprain ?
Sprain occurs when there is a huge pressure on legs due to fall leading to joint dislocation and tearing of ligaments.
Strain occur when tendons and muscles get damaged due to over contracting or overstretching of legs
What are the symptoms ?
Below are some of the symptoms
- Difficulty in walking
- Bruises
- Inflammation
- Weakness
How is it treated ?
Bracing is a method used to treat strain and sprain. In some cases medications are given to relieve pain and in some cases surgery is done and recovery period lasts for 3 months.
Heel Tendonitis
What is Heel tendonitis ?
Heel tendonitis is a condition where the achilles tendon which is present at the heel region gets inflamed
What are the symptoms ?
Some of the symptoms are as follows :
- Stiffness at the back side of heel
- Difficulty in walking or running
- Tenderness
What are the causes ?
The causes for achilles tendonitis is as follows :
- Improper footwear
- Over exercising
- Tight calf muscles
How is it identified ?
Physical examination is done by the doctor and aldo X-rays and MRI scans are done to know internal condition of the tendon
How is it treated ?
- Rest
- Ice therapy
- Physiotherapy
- Medications
- Orthotic : some special sort of shoes or footwear is given to reduce the stress on the damaged tendon
- Surgeries are done in severe cases to remove damaged tendon
- Extracorporeal shocks
Big Toe Arthritis
What is big toe arthritis ?
It is the inflammation of joint cartilage at the base of big toe which leads to severe pain and discomfort
What are the symptoms ?
- Inflammation
- Stiffness
- Bending of the big toe
- Inability to walk
What are the causes ?
- Trauma of the toe
- Overusing
- Genetics
- Medical conditions
How is it identified / diagnosed ?
Following are the ways to identify big toe arthritis :
- MRI
- Physical examination
How is it treated ?
- Proper medications are given by doctor to cure
- Physiotherapy
- Changes in footwear that is some sort of footwear is given
- Injections
- Surgeries are done to remove bone spurs